Large riders can induce temporary pain and lameness.

By Mark Andrews

A rider that is too heavy for a horse could cause temporary lameness and signs of pain, according to recent research.

The potential health and welfare implications of a high rider:horse bodyweight ratios were explored in a pilot study led by Dr. Sue Dyson, Head of Clinical Orthopaedics at the Animal Health Trust’s Centre for Equine Studies, Newmarket in the UK.

Six horses were used for the study. All were in regular work and were not lame. They were ridden by each of four riders of differing weights: Light (L), Moderate (M), Heavy (H), and Very Heavy (VH).

The riders each performed a standard 30 -minute dressage test. The research team looked for signs of lameness (graded 0-8) and behavioural signs of pain (scored 0-24). The test was abandoned if signs of lameness reached 3 or more in one limb or 2 or more in multiple limbs. Lameness was assessed by Dyson and confirmed using objective gait assessment date from inertial measurement units placed over the pelvis, withers, and poll.

Similarly, if 10 or more behavioural markers of pain, (such as ears being held back, constant moving of head, tail lashing) were seen, the test was stopped.

The researchers found that all 13 H and VH rider tests were abandoned (12 for lameness and one for pain-associated behaviour). In contrast, only one of 12 M rider tests was abandoned for lameness.

They reassessed the horses moving in-hand 45 to 60 minutes after any abandoned test. At that stage all horses trotted sound. At the end of the study, all horses moved well when ridden.

The conclusion was that large riders can induce temporary lameness and behaviours consistent with musculoskeletal pain. The researchers suggest that this may relate to rider bodyweight and/or weight distribution. They noted that moderate and heavyweight riders had markedly different test abandonment rates, despite having similar Body Mass Index (BMI). So, they suggest that bodyweight is probably more relevant than BMI.

Dyson said: “The results indicate that every rider, and especially heavier riders, should ride a horse or pony of appropriate size and fitness for the rider’s weight, with a saddle that is correctly fitted for both horse and rider.”

The open access article The influence of rider:horse bodyweight ratio and rider‐horse‐saddle fit on equine gait and behaviour: A pilot study was published March 31, 2019 is available online in the Wiley Online Library at www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com. 

Photo: A recent study confirms that large riders can induce temporary lameness and behaviours consistent with musculoskeletal pain. Photo: Dreamstime/Leblond Catherine

Printed with permission of Mark Andrews, Equine Science Update.